The two main types of Oushak carpets, which became famous in Europe since the 15th century, are Oushak carpets with medallions and Oushak carpets with stars. Medallion Oushak rugs are a more important group in the XVIII. It was developed in the century, and long ones up to 10 meters were built. It has a composition consisting of rounded medallions on the middle axis and pointed on the sides, pointing to infinity. In this compositional arrangement, cut from medallions lined up as endless examples, however, the medallions were sometimes oval, sometimes round, and there was no change in the arrangement even though the dimensions of the ground were different. 16th century The best types of medallion butlers, starting with the mid-18th century, are those with dark red and blue medallions on a dark blue background filled with yellow flowers. Red backgrounds are richer and their medallions are always dark blue. Usually made of wool, sometimes cotton was used in the warp. Red, dark blue and bright yellow are the dominant colors, green and blue are the secondary colors, black is used in the contours, and rich decors are created with three main and two auxiliary colors. Star Oushak carpets are smaller in number and show an alternating arrangement of eight-pointed stars and small lozenge medallions on shifted axes. These are medium-sized rugs, few more than four meters long. Eight-pointed star medallions and small diamonds always on a red background form dark blue inserts. In these, the middle of the carpet is not indicated, and it is clear that the medallions are connected to an endless pattern. Sometimes the ground is blue, the medallions can be colored red. The inside of the medallions is filled with yellow and red palmettes and double Rumi, and the ground is decorated with angular branches and multicolored flowers. The weight and twist shapes of the raw material to be used in loop, weft and warp are adjusted according to the number of knots between 675 and 2000 to be thrown per dm². The most distinctive feature of the carpet is the motifs on the carpet.

Production Method:

The following thread types are to be used:

a- Hand Spinning Yarn: Loop, warp and weft made with tools used in spinning wheel, spindle, kirman, spinning and twisting

b- Semi-Worsted Yarn: The loop, warp and weft made in the Kirman Rope (Elip) technique, 10 cm. The raw material is 100% wool. fiber length, 30 micron thickness, treated with 600 °C hot water, used in carpet weaving. In order for the wool fibers to be clean in the semi-worsted yarn, they are processed 5,6 times. The length of the wool fiber is at least 10-11 cm, and the wool fibers are combed straight parallel to each other and turned into tops, smooth, high quality, strong yarn is obtained from the prepared tops. Since the yarn is very clean, it is easier to take dye.

Two types of dyes are used in the dyeing process:

a-Root Dye: The rope is washed with natural soaps at 600°C and left for one day by adding cream of tartar and alum. The resulting thread at the end of this process is dyed with plant-based dyes for 1 day.

b-Metal Complex Dye: The yarn is dyed by adding dyestuff and acetic acid to the yarn, which is washed with natural soaps at 600°C. The process is about two hours.

The feature of the two dyes used is that they do not harm the human body and do not contain carcinogenic substances.

The sequences of the motifs are made of wool material and Turkish knot. The Turkish knot is symmetrical. The knots forming the knot row on the carpet are passed between two independent warps and are stitched to these two warps. Floral motifs and medallions, which are characteristic especially for this group of carpets, have taken the place of geometric motifs. The medallion shape was first used in Turkish carpets in the 16th century. Carpets with medallions up to ten meters long, with one cut on the top and bottom of the large central medallion, and two cuts on the sides, show an example of a medal pointing to infinity. The endless example is more evident in the starry Oushaks, which shows the alternating ordering of medallions and baklavas in the star example. Iron looms of varying lengths are used during weaving depending on the dimensions of the carpet.

Carpet Condition Terms:

Extraordinary: It is the term used for rugs and carpets that have the characteristic of having a very difficult or special production technique, aging correctly, or having a high level of artistic value, as well as having no defects in the product. The value of new or second hand rugs and carpets, which are in outstanding condition, continues to increase over the years.

Antiques: Although the product is over 80 years old, it has a design, paint technique and origin features that can preserve its artistic value. Antique products can tear, wear, and cause pain. Most antique products have a more valuable aura as they age due to the natural paint and construction technique. For this reason, antique expert values ​​are formed according to the current state of the antique products, the way they are worn, their production techniques and the region.

Excellent: Rugs and rugs in excellent condition are flawless, clean, with the potential to increase in value, bearing the characteristics of the region, and produced correctly. They can be antiques when used properly.

Good: These are carpets and rugs that have average defects in carpets and rugs and are likely to increase in value.

Medium: These are carpets and rugs suitable for daily use, which may have minor damage, do not have a high degree of motif difficulty, and are average in terms of yarn and paint material used.

Mediocre: Rugs and rugs with low pattern difficulty, relatively easy to manufacture, lost quality in various aspects (torn stains, paint mixing, etc.).

Hand-made carpets and rugs do not have bad or very bad classes. All the carpets and rugs produced are a great hand labor. However, there are carpets and rugs that cannot create their value within the bounds of possibility. All carpets and rugs produced are very special works of art that require great labor and production time. For this reason, there is no carpet or rug with low hand made value. There are only carpets and rugs whose experimental value is relatively lower than their square meter. Our recommendation is to use handmade carpets and rugs in your home, office, and in all areas of your life. One square meter rug or carpet is made in 1-2 months on average. Natural rugs and carpets organize the energy of your life, add value to life, improve your artistic approach, and are beneficial to nature. It is completely a part of nature, sustainable and harmless.